The CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The processor is the main chip ( integrated circuit) on the motherboard of the computer. They are of different sizes, shapes and packagings . Previous CPU (Central Processing Unit) came in DIP format, some 286s and early 386 were QSOPs (see integrated circuits) , but what you see are the most PGA square dish or chips ADAG .

The PGA chip used to be installed in a friction fit sleeve . Assembly and dis assembly to be done carefully to avoid bending or breaking the pins on the CPU. Firstly , it was necessary to align the chip. There is always a way to designate Pin # 1 on both the chip and the socket. There may be a point in a corner, or an arrow, or a small , silk screened '1 '. Usually, a CPU will have one of its beveled corners, and it must be aligned with the socket on the designated area. You must be sure that all the pins of the chip are straight and aligned correctly, and set the chip in the socket, you all pins are inserted in every hole . To install the chip, you press firmly and evenly . If the pins are not quite in their proper holes, or if you do not push down pins will bend sideways . Try to straighten the pins is not impossible, but usually results in the breaking . You learn very quickly to take your time and attention.

The withdrawal is another problem. Extractor chip is narrow and does not allow for as much control in trying to lift the chip (we're talking a good amount of friction holding the chip in ) . Some upgraded packages or ' turbo ' included , expanded special extractor chip that was better, but still did not provide much control. The best way is to carefully insert a narrow flat head screwdriver between the chip and the socket, being careful not to touch the pins underneath, lift and turn the chip a very minimal amount slightly . Then go to the side to side and do the same thing . When you work your way around the chip, it will come out pretty easy.

The problem has been recognized and a new Zero Insertion Force ( ZIF ) socket was developed. This decision makes a huge difference for removing and installing processors PGA and SPGA . It has a small handle or a lever on the side of the socket that the stall and raised , completely freeing the pins. You can simply lift the old CPU , fall into another , and pull the lever down, by inserting it into her little clip. No bent or broken pins , and no jagged edges on the CPU or the socket.

For the Intel Pentium , Pentium III , and some of its chips Celeron II processor is on a small printed circuit with the external cache , and enclosed or packed in a plastic cassette . This 'Slot 1' CPU clips in a style connector on the motherboard connector called " Slot 1 .

As should be obvious by now , you must match the CPU with the motherboard . Most motherboards accept more than one type of CPU as well as model, manufacturer , and speed is concerned, but they generally accept a socket type. This is a test that should be addressed and decided before you buy either . The motherboard manual will tell you what the different types of processors, it will accommodate . If you do not have a job, then visit the manufacturer's website. They provide this type of information . Major manufacturers include Intel CPU , Motorola , IBM, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD ) and Cyrix .

It should be noted that Intel CPU was before there were personal computers. They made the first chips for IBM PC. Most BIOS chips ( system I / O base ) on the first motherboards were developed based on the Intel architecture. Intel is still considered the No. 1 manufacturer and has set the standard for processors . Other CPU manufacturers and distributors tend to compare their product to Intel , saying that it is " comparable to Pentium II -350 " or is " better than -500 PIII ."

A specific processor it is described by the manufacturer, model and speed in megahertz ( MHz). The board of a computer system has a quartz crystal on it that emits a constant signal or beat like a metronome . Each is called a cycle time and time is measured in MHz or millions of cycles per second . A CPU runs at a multiple of the clock of the motherboard and it executes instructions are synchronized with each cycle of the internal clock speed of the CPU . So if your processor can execute one instruction every cycle , and you have a 500 MHz processor , while the chip can perform five hundred million instructions per second . Your heart will not beat that many times in a lifetime. Current technology by Intel and AMD gives us 1.5 GHz ( gigahertz ) processor this year. This is one and a half billion instructions per second!

The central processing unit is considered the "brain" of your computer. It controls and directs all activities of computer , transmission , reception and processing of data permanently . But as the "brain" of any project or organization , it relies heavily on its group and supportive counselors . There are many factors involved that are related to the CPU and affect the speed and performance of your machine. Some of these factors include :

There is a math co processor present and whether it is internal or external.

Speed ​​system clock and CPU . The amount of internal memory and external cache cache available.