System Memory

System Memory

ROM ( Read Only Memory)

RAM stands for Read Only Memory , ROM is memory All which data is prerecorded computer has-beens . Code and / or data programming on a chip ROM is written to the chip factory. It can be read , it can not be objective deleted or removed . It is permanent. Retains data or ROM icts happy, Even When the computer is off , unlike the main computer memory (RAM) , Which Requires a constant electrical load to keep His information. For this reason , the ROM is Considered " non- volatile" RAM and "volatile" .

ROM chips are used in all kinds of electronics calculators to video games. Most personal computers -have several applications of ROM . These chips Often store information and programs do not need That to be changed Permanently and criticism , or do not need to be written . Most computers -have a small Amount of the code ROM That blinds That starts the computer boots . The first computers used to store aussi the BIOS ROM (O base system) That acts like a translator Between the hardware of the computer and operating system .

The problem with using ROM BIOS chips thesis information Is That computer manufacturers HAD to build systems around Their ROMs made ​​available and Their coding. Because the information WAS written to the chip falling on the manufacturing process , to exchange the chip Involve the development of new assembly lines and the purchase of new equipment. Would it cost a small fortune if a computer or motherboard manufacturer only HAVING HAD visions of the coding of modified thesis has to adapt to new or improvements Developments They May wish to Incorporate into Their products chips.



PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory)

Remember , Everything that a computer can Understand is 1 and 0 . Here's how a transistor works . It Allows electricity to pass or not . There is an electric load , or it is not . Is on or off (1 or 0) . These memory chips are made ​​up of millions of tiny transistors All which -have the 0 or 1 . Just like millions of tiny switches or fuses .

With a ROM chip , thesis Permanently switches are set at the factory in Their respective countries or off (1 or 0) positions. In the case of a PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory) chip is Manufactured with all breakers or fuses icts little intact , or set to '1 ' ( empty memory) . When chips are programmed thesis with the use of a device called Expired PROM is programmed ( or burner ) , a high voltage pulse destroys selected electronic switches, burning in the parameters must be That change to a '0 '.

So PROM is programmable goal only once . As ROM , it is permanent or nonvolatile . It can not be erased .
EPROM ( Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)

An EPROM is a special kind of PROM That can be reprogrammed . The information is Stored as electric loads Deposited on the chip (1 and 0) . EPROM are easy to spot on the motherboard of your computer . They are always in the form of a DIP chip as ROM and PROM , They Will goal -have a metal tag as on top of the chip (usually showing the serial number , version, date and name of the manufacturer) . It is for good reason . The label covers a small window .

An EPROM can be erased by Removing the circuit and the projection of ultraviolet light through the window above chip . Then it can be reprogrammed by an EPROM burner moyen de . EPROM are still Considered non - volatile , They Will not lose Their information When the computer is off .





EEPROM ( Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Electronics)

EEPROM Does not Have To Be removed and feel to the manufacturer to be reprogrammed . It can be reprogrammed while you electronically in the system by using a software designed SPECIFICALLY for That purpose . Also , EPROM must be erased completely Call , Then reprogrammed . With a single byte EEPROM can be erased and rewritten . In fact , the EEPROM is erased and written one byte at a time , Which Makes it slow as memory goes. Yet , it Allows manufacturers the possibility of configuration parameters on the chip EEPROM of an expansion card . Using the Software Provided with a device , DMA channels , IRQ and I / O addresses can be Assigned without the use of jumpers and DIP switches. Resource settings for the configurable devices software can be changed without opening the computer case .



FLASH ROM ( Read Only Memory Flash)

FLASH ROM is a kind of EEPROM , the object information can be erased and written in blocks of bytes INSTEAD . This tend to make it faster than regular EEPROM . It aussi Requires less power to perform the procedure .

FLASH ROM is now Commonly used to store the BIOS information for personal computers . This Allows BIOS Makes the possibility of Providing updates via the Internet , and Potentially Allows users to gain access to new features That Were not supported by Their computer .

It is significant to get the Flash Program right the for each Particular BIOS. Do not use One That you -have a friend or an unknown site. Go to the manufacturer 's website and -have your BIOS Version and motherboard model number , serial number and the date at hand . Print and follow the instructions em Closely . Discover all the information about backing up and Restoring your previous BIOS if something go wrong shoulds .

Flashing the BIOS shoulds not be done every time an update is available. I think it shoulds be done When a required function is not supported and the only other recourse is a new motherboard , Because if things go wrong , It Could Be That you are the replacing . Do not flash just for the sake of flash . If you do not need to upgrade , do not flash your BIOS. Making a mistake in the process , lose power , or using the wrong image file Could be disastrous .